In this post i will try to put forward the Daleel of not reciting Surah Fathiha behind the Imam and in the Second part we will look at the hadiths which are quoted by some to justify its recitation. Insha Allah The Holy Quran وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنْصِتُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ Translation "When the Qur'an is voiced, hearken unto it, and listen in silence, so that you might be graced with [God's] mercy." [Surah Al A’araf : 204] Lets look at the Tafseer / explanation of the above ayah from the Sahaba and the Salaf. Daleel No. 1 حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا ابْنُ فُضَيْلٍ وَأَبُو خَالِدٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدَ عَنِ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ عَنْ أُسَيْرِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ الْمُحَارِبِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: لَعَلَّكُمْ تُقِرُّونَ؟ قُلْنَا: نَعَمْ قَالَ: أَلا تَفْقَهُونَ؟ مالكم لَا تَعْقِلُونَ؟ وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنْصِتُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ. SANAD (Chain of Narrators) Imam Ibn Abi Haatim Rh. »»► Abu Saeed Al Ashaj Rh. »»► Ibn Fuzail Rh., »»► Abu Khalid Rh. »»►Dawud Ibn Abi hind Rh. »»► Abi Nadhrah Rh. »»►Usair bin Jabir Rh. »»► Abdullah bin Masood Rdh. Text (Matan) Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood Rdh. said to the (Muqtadees) maybe you recite behind the Imaam, Muqtadees said: Yes. So Ibn Masood Rdh. said: Don't you have the understanding, what has happened to you, you are not using your wisdom, When Quran is recited, give ear to it and be silent so that you may receive mercy. (Tafseer Ibn Abi Haatim : Hadith No 8730, SAHEEH SANAD) A Look at the Chain of Narrators 1 – Imam Ibn Abi Haatim Rh. Al Mutawaffa 327 Hij. Famous Imam, Hafiz ul Hadith. (Al A’alam Liz Zurkali : Volume 3 : Page 324) 2 – Abu Saeed Al Ashaj Rh. Al Mutawaffa 257 Hij. Is a Narrator of Kutub e Sitta (Books of Hadith) and is Siqah (meaning trsutworthy). (Taqreeb : Raqm no 3354) 3 – Abu Khalid Al Ahmar Rh. narrator of Sunan e Arba and is trustworthy. (Siqah) Imam Ibn Maeen Rh., Imam Ibn Madeeni Rh., Imam Ibn Sa’ad Rh., Imam Ijli Rh. and Imam ibn Hibban Rh. all of them say that Abu Khalid Rh. is trustworthy. (Tehzeeb ut Tehzeeb) 4 – Dawud Ibn Abi Hind Rh. is also a narrator of Sihaaye sitta and is Siqah (Trustworthy). (Taqreeb : Raqm no 1817) 5 – Abu Nadhrah Rh. narrator of Sunan e Arba and is trustworthy. (Siqah). (Taqreeb : Raqm no 6890) 6 – Uzair bin Jabir Rh. Al Mutawaffa 85 Hij. is a narrator from the Saheehain and is trustworthy (Siqah). Imam Ibn hibban Rh., Imam Ibn Sa’ad Rh., Imam Ijli rh. all of them has said that he is Siqah (Trustworthy).(Tehzeeb ut Tehzeeb ) 7 – Abdullah bin Masood Rdh. Al Mutawaffa 33 Hij. famous Sahabi Rdh. (Taqreeb : Raqm no 3613) The chain of narrators is absolutely trustworthy and we learn that this verse from the Holy Quran is concerning the recitation when one is behind the Imaam. Daleel No. 2 حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا النُّفَيْلِيُّ، ثنا مِسْكِينُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ ثنا ثَابِتُ بْنُ عَجْلانَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ فِي سَعَةٍ مِنَ الاسْتِمَاعِ إِلَى يَوْمِ جُمُعَةَ، أَوْ فِي صَلاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ أَوْ يَوْمِ أَضْحَى أَوْ يَوْمِ فِطْرٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنْصِتُوا SANAD (Chain of Narrators) Imam Ibn Abi Haatim Rh. »»► Imam Abu Haatim Rh. »»► Nufaili Rh. »»► Miskeen bin Bukair Rh. »»► Saabit bin Ajlaan Rh. »»► Saeed bin Jubair Rh. »»► Ibn Abbas Rdh. Text (Matan) Hadhrat Saeed bin Jubair Rh. says that Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas Rdh. said that this verse is revealed regarding the Salaah. (Tafseer Ibn Abi Haatim : Hadith no 8733, SAHEEH SANAD) A Look at the Chain of Narrators 1 – Imam Ibn Abi Haatim Rh. Al Mutawaffa 327 Hij. Famous Imam, Hafiz ul Hadees (Al A’alam Liz Zurkali : Volume 3 : Page 324) 2 – Imam Abu Haatim Rh. Al Mutawaffa 272 Hij. One of the Huffaaz. (Taqreeb : Raqm no 5718) 3 – Nufaili Rh. whose full name is Abdullah bin Muhammed An Nufaili Rh. Al Mutawaffa 234 Hij. is a narrator of Saheehain, a Hafiz and is Siqah (trustworthy). (Taqreeb : Raqm no 3594) 4 – Miskeen bin Bukair Rh. Al Mutawaffa 198 Hij. is a narrator of the Saheehain and is Siqah (trustworthy). Imam Abu Haatim Rh., Imam Ibn Maeen Rh. says that he has no faults. Imam Ibn Hibban and Imam Ibn Shaheen Rh. says that he is trustworthy (Siqah). (Tehzeeb ut Tehzeeb) 5 – Saabit bin Ajlaan Rh. narrator of Bukhari and is Sadooq and Siqah. (Tehzeeb ut Tehzeeb, Taqreeb : Raqm no 822) 6 – Saeed bin Jubair Rh. narrator of Sihaaye Sitte and is Siqah, He is strong and very good in Fiqh.(Taqreeb : Raqm no 2278) 7 – Ibn Abbas Rdh. famous Sahabi and one of this with high understanding of The Holy Quran (Al Kaashif) Looking at the above we come to the conclusion that this statement is correct / Saheeh and even in Tafseer Ibn Abbas, Hazrat Ibn Abbas Rdh. has declared the revelation of this verse for the Salaah (Namaaz). (Tafseer e Ibn Abbas : Page 187) Daleel No. 3 حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ جَرِيرٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، وَعَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، وَعَنْ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنْصِتُوا} ، قَالُوا: «فِي الصَّلَاةِ» SANAD (Chain of Narrators) Imam Abu Bakr Ibn Shaiba Rh. »»► Wakii Rh. »»► Jareer Rh. »»► Shaibii Rh. »»► Abdulla bin Mughfal Rdh. Text (Matan) Hazrat Abdullah bin Mughfal Rdh. says that this verse was revealed for and regarding Namaaz (Salaah). (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaiba : Volume 5 : Page 447, SAHEEH SANAD) A Look at the Chain of Narrators 1 – Imam Abubakr Ibn Abi Shaiba Rh. Al Mutawaffa 235 Hij. Narrator of the Saheehain, a Siqah, Hafiz and writer of Sahaab e Tasnifaat. (Taqreeb : Raqm no 3575) 2 – Imam Wakii Rh. Al Mutawaffa 197 Hij. Saheehain narrator, a Siqah, Hafiz and an Aabid . (Taqreeb : Raqm no 7414) 3 – Jaraar bin Haazim Rh. Al Mutawaffa 170 Hij. Narrator of Sihaaye sitta and a Siqah. Imam Ibn Maeen Rh., Imam Bazzaar Rh., Imam Ibn Sa’ad Rh., Imm Ijli Rh., Imam Ibn Hibban Rh., Imam Saaji Rh. says that he is Siqah (trustworthy). Imam Nasaai Rh. says that he has no faults. (Tehzeeb ut Tehzeeb) 4 – Imam Shabii Rh. Al Mutawaffa 100 Hij. Saheehain narrator and is Siqah.(Taqreeb : Raqm no 3092) 5 – Abdullah bin Mughfal Rdh. Sahabi e Rasool (S.AW). (Taqreeb : Raqm no 3638) Again the chain of narrators for this is also without any defact and is in line with the principles of a Saheeh statement in Bukhari. Alhamdulillah, 3 Sahaba Rdh. confirms that this Verse is for and regarding the Salaah. Daleel No. 4 Hazrat Abul Aaliya Rh. Al Mutawaffa 93 Hij. has one tradition (riwayat) in which he says that, when Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) offer salaah, the Sahaba Rdh. would also recite the same behind you . But when the verse وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنْصِتُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ was revealed, then Sahaba Rdh. started being silent and only Rasoolullah S.A.W use to recite. (Kitaab ul Qirat Lil Behaiqi : Volume 1 : Page 107, HASAN SAHEEH ) All the narrators are Siqah (Trustworthy) for the above. Daleel No. 5 Hazrat Muhammed bin Ka’ab Qurzi Rh. Al Mutawaffa 128 Hij. says that, Sahaba Ikraam Rdh. used to recite behind the Prophet Muhammad S.A.W, when Prophet S.A.W recited, they also recited with you. On this the verse was revealed: وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنْصِتُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ When the Qur'an is voiced, hearken unto it, and listen in silence, so that you might be graced with [God's] mercy.(Kitaab ul Qirat : Page 110, HASAN SAHEEH) Daleel No. 6 In Tafseer Ibn Abi Haatim another Riwayat (tradition) is quoted from Muhammed bin Ka’ab Rh. who said that : Sahaba Ikraam Rdh. used to recite behind the Prophet Muhammad S.A.W, when Prophet S.A.W recited, they also recited with you. If Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) recited Bismillah, the Sahaba Rdh. also recited Bismillah, until Surah Fatiha and another Surah is finished and this kept on going until Allah wanted, then this Ayah (Verse) was revealed: وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنْصِتُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ When the Qur'an is voiced, hearken unto it, and listen in silence, so that you might be graced with [God's] mercy. After that only Prophet Muhammad S.A.W use to recite and the Sahaba Rdh would be silent behind him. (Tafseer Ibn Abi Haatim : Hadith No 8727, HASAN SAHEEH ) And the same has been said by the following Scholars Saeed bin Mussaib Rh. Al Mutawaffa 94 Hij. Hasan Basri Rh. Al Mutawaffa 110 Hij. Imam Zuhri Rh. Al Mutawaffa 152 Hij. Ubaid bin Umair Rh. Al Mutawaffa 74 Hij. Aata bin Abi Rabah Rh. Al Mutawaffa 114 Hij. Saeed bin Jubair Rh. Al Mutawaffa 95 Hij. Zah-haak Rh. Al Mutawaffa Ba’ad 100 Hij. Ibrahim Nakh’ii Rh. Al Mutawaffa 96 Hij. Imam Ibn Jareer Rh. Al Mutawaffa 310 Hij. (Tafseer e Tabri, Tafseer Ibn Abi Haatim, Kitaab ul Qirat Lil Behaiqi) Imam Ibn Qudaama Rh. Al Mutawaffa 620 Hij. says (The daleel of Muqtadi being silent behind the Imaam) The daleel for this is the revelation of this ayah from Allah : وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنْصِتُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ Imam Ahmed bin Hanbal Rh. Al Mutawaffa 241 Hij. says, everyone says the same that this ayah is regarding and was revealed for the Salaah (Namaaz). Saeed Ibn ul Mussaib Rh., Hasan al Basri Rh., Ibrahim Makh’ii Rh., Muhammed bin Ka’ab Rh., Zuhri Rh. (The Greatest Scholars of Tafseer and Hadith) also say that this ayah was revealed and is regarding Salaah. Imam e Tafseer Zaid bin Aslam Rh. and Abul Aaliya Rh. also say that people use to recite behind the Imam and then this ayah was revealed. Imam Abu Dawud Rh. takes from Imam Ahmed Rh. that, Imam Ahmed Rh. said, all the Scholars have Ijma that this Ayah was revealed and is regarding Salaah (Al Mughni : Volume 2 : Page 261) This is the same what the Hanafi Scholars say and believe that after the revelation of this ayah the recitation of Surah Fatiha was no more and the Muqtadi needs to stand behind the Imaam silent.
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AuthorTalib E Ilm Archives
August 2015
CategoriesAll 15th Of Shabaan Islamophobia Poems Projects Ramadan Salaah Taraweeh Tasbeeh |